The Top 5 Diseases Under National Surveillance in Myanmar

The Top 5 Diseases Under National Surveillance in Myanmar

Myanmar has a population of over 54 million and is one of the least developed countries in Southeast Asia. The country has been grappling with numerous public health challenges, with several infectious and non-communicable diseases under national surveillance by the Ministry of Health and Sports. This article highlights the top 5 diseases under national surveillance in Myanmar.

1. Tuberculosis(TB)

TB continues to be a major public health problem in Myanmar, with around 157,000 new cases and 32,000 deaths reported annually. The disease is primarily transmitted by airborne droplets, and the prevalence of drug-resistant TB is high due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant TB strains. The government has implemented several initiatives to combat TB, including the implementation of the End TB strategy in 2017.

2. Malaria

Myanmar is also known for having the highest incidence of malaria in Southeast Asia, accounting for over 70% of all cases. Malaria is transmitted through the bites of infected female mosquitoes and poses a significant risk to the poor and rural communities. The National Malaria Control Program aims to reduce malaria-related mortality and morbidity and eliminate the disease by 2030.

3. Dengue Fever

Dengue is an acute mosquito-borne viral disease that has become a major public health concern in recent years. Over 15,000 cases of dengue fever were reported in Myanmar in 2021 alone, with a significant proportion of them being severe dengue. The government has launched several campaigns to control the spread of dengue, including vector control, public education, and community mobilization.

4. HIV/AIDS

Myanmar has a concentrated epidemic of HIV/AIDS, with an estimated 240,000 people living with HIV/AIDS in the country. The prevalence of HIV is highest among key populations such as sex workers, injection drug users, and men who have sex with men. The National Strategic Plan on HIV/AIDS aims to reduce the incidence of HIV and AIDS-related deaths and increase access to prevention, treatment, and care services.

5. Diabetes Mellitus

Myanmar is experiencing a rapid increase in the prevalence of diabetes, with an estimated 3.3 million people living with the disease. The main contributing factors to the rise of diabetes are changes in lifestyle, unhealthy diet, and lack of physical activity. The government has launched several initiatives to control and prevent diabetes, including the National Diabetes Control Program and the School-based Diabetes Education Program.

Conclusion

The top 5 diseases under national surveillance in Myanmar present a significant challenge to the country’s health system, but the government has made significant efforts to control and eliminate these diseases. Continued support and investment in public health initiatives are crucial to achieving better health outcomes for the population. By working together, we can create a healthier Myanmar for all.

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